Introduction

Posted by admin Noiembrie - 26 - 2009 - Joi ADD COMMENTS

RFID = Radio Frequency Identification represents the technological means to identify a person or an object, by using radio waves transmission.

In general terms, RFID is a system were an unique identification number (ID) associated to an object is sent using the radio waves towards a receiver which gets and resends the information to a server for computing, execute commands or storage.

RFIDS, Technology

Advantages

Posted by admin Noiembrie - 26 - 2009 - Joi ADD COMMENTS

Basically, RFID applications can be compared to the BARCODE applications, but the advantages resulting from the implementation are considerable.

  • Fast object identification and inventory;
  • No line of sight needed;
  • Identification of the moving objects;
  • Possibility to store information;
  • Process automation possible;
  • Efficiency and optimization of the existing processes;
  • Real time reports and statistics;
  • Lower object losses;
  • High resistance to the environmental conditions;
  • Object Identification and Security can be combined in one system.

FEATURES

RFID

BARCODE
Writing Information:

YES

NO
Reading speed:

QUICK

SLOW
Multiple reading (several):

YES

NO
User Programmable

YES

NO
Line of sight:

NO

YES
Anti-theft Integrated:

YES

NO
Shelf Management:

FAST & ACCURATE

ONE AT TIME
Automatic sorting:

YES

NO
Self Check – In/Out:

YES

YES
Automatic return:

YES

NO
Harsh environment:

NO

YES

Technology

Structure

Posted by admin Noiembrie - 26 - 2009 - Joi ADD COMMENTS

TAG RFID or transponder - it contains a microchip attached to an antenna and embedded – function of destination – into different materials such as paper or plastic.

READERS RFID – stand alone, in networks, fixed or handheld, are sending a radio wave and they wait for the answer from the tags

ANTENNA RFID - are used in combination with the RFID readers can be built-in, or external
SOFTWARE APPLICATION - runs on a dedicated PC or server and controls the readers functionality as well as assuring the applications deliverables.

TAGS CLASIFICATION
- Active, with internal battery
- Passive, no battery
- Read Only - reading several times
- WORM – write once read more
- Read/Write – can be written or read several times

RFID RADIO FREQUENCY RANGES:
LF- Low Frequency = 125 – 134,2 KHz - Applications: livestock, access control, cylinder tracking.
- Reading distance: 0,1 to 1 m

HF - High Frequency = 13,56 MHz - Applications: library, luggage control, inventory
- Reading distance : 0,1 to 3 m

Ultra High Frequency –UHF/MW = 860MHz – 2,46 GHz- Applications: logistics, transports, parking
- Reading distance: 1 to 30 m
Technology

Standards

Posted by admin Noiembrie - 24 - 2009 - Marti ADD COMMENTS

Basically there is no global organization to govern the usage of the RFID radio frequency. Theoretic each country can make they own set of usage rules. Anyway the most common standards are:

ISO Standard

Description

Status

11784

 Radio Frequency Identification of Animals – Code structure

Activ

11785

 Radio Frequency Identification of Animals – Technical concept

Activ

14223/1

 Radio Frequency Identification of Animals - Advanced transponders - Air interface

Activ

14443

 Identification Cards – Contactless integrated circuit cards – Proximity Cards

Activ

15693

 Identification Cards – Contactless integrated circuit cards – Vicinity Cards

Activ

18001

 Information Technology – AIDC Techniques – RFID for Item Manangement, Application Requirement Profiles

Activ

18000 - 1

 Generic Parameters for Air Interface Communications -architecture and definition of parameters

Activ

18000 - 2

 Parameters for Air Interface Communications below 135 KHz

Activ

18000 - 3

 Parameters for Air Interface Communications at 13,56 MHz

Activ

18000 - 4

 Parameters for Air Interface Communications at 2.45 GHz

Draft

18000 - 5

 Parameters for Air Interface Communications at 5.8 GHz

Draft

18000 - 6

 Parameters for Air Interface Communications at 860 – 930 MHz

Activ

18000 - 7

 Parameters for Air Interface Communications at 433 MHz

Activ

15961

 RFID for Item Management – Data protocol – Application Interface

Activ

15962

 RFID for Item Management – Protocol: Data encoding rules and logical memory functions

Activ

15963

 RFID for Item Management – Unique Identification of RF Tag

Draft

EPC Tag Standards

Specific encoding schemes for serialized version of the EAN.UCC Global Trade Item Number (GTIN), the UCC Serial Shipping Container Code (SSCC), the EAN.UCC Global Location Number (GLN), the EAN. UCC Global Returnable Asset Identifier (GRAI), the EAN UCC Global Individual Asset Identifier (GIAI) and a General Identifier (GDI)
UHF Class 0 Communications Interface and protocol for 900 MHz Class 0
UHF Class 1 Communications Interface and protocol for 860 - 930 MHz Class 1
UHF Class 1 Generation 2 Communications Interface and protocol for 860 - 930 MHz build upon Class 1
EPC - Class 1 Passive tags READ ONLY
EPC - Class 2 Passive tags READ WRITE with extended functionality
EPC - Class 3 Semi-passive tags,
EPC - Class 4 Active tags able to communicate between them on the same frequency band
EPC - Class 5 Readers able to work with all class tags
Technology